Spinal Immobilisation

Spinal Immobilization: A Literature Review A survey of the writing in regards to spinal immobilization has been attempted utilizing databases for PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, OVID and Cochrane EBM. Audits were electronically looked through utilizing the subject headings â€Å"spinal injuries†, â€Å"spinal immobilisation† and â€Å"management of spinal injuries†. The outcomes produced by the hunt were restricted to English language articles and looked into for significance to the theme. The point of this writing audit is to look into the perspectives on spinal immobilization and to accomplish a superior information on proof based practice.According to Chiles and Cooper (1996) spinal injury ought to consistently be suspected in patients with serious foundational injury, patients with minor injury who report spinal agony or have tangible or engine side effects, and patients with a debilitated degree of awareness after injury. As indicated by Caroline (2008) the essenti al objective of spinal immobilization is to forestall further wounds. Great introductory and intense administration is pivotal regardless of the level of harm (Sheerin and Gillick, 2004). The reason for immobilization in speculated spinal injury is to keep up a nonpartisan position and dodge relocation and optional neurological injury (Vickery, 2001).Means of immobilization remember holding the head for the midline, log rolling the individual, the utilization of backboards and unique sleeping pads, cervical collars, sandbags and lashes (Kwan, Bunn and Roberts 2009). The Advanced Life Support Group bolsters the utilization of the long spinal board (backboard) for spinal immobilization, in spite of information on pressure issues and poor immobilization in some patient gatherings. The spinal board was initially evolved as a removal gadget utilizing its smooth surface to permit an individual to be slid out of a vehicle.However, it is hard to expel the patient from the board in the field and in this manner the patient is most ordinarily moved to the An and E office on the spinal board (Cooke, 1998). There is significant variety in the best strategy for pre-clinic cervical spine immobilization (Vickery, 2001). Some have exhorted the utilization 1 to 1. 5 crawls of cushioning under the head as standard, others have instructed that judgment on the utilization with respect to cushioning be founded on visual examination (Butman, McSwain and McConnell, 1986). Then again, a few rauma messages suggest putting the patient legitimately against the spinal board (McSwain, 1989). In the United Kingdom, the vacuum sleeping pad is predominately utilized by mountain salvage groups as it is accepted to give better by and large security of a harmed loss and is seen to be more secure and simpler to ship over the landscape experienced in these circumstances (Herzenberg, Hensinger and Dederick, 1989). In an ongoing report by Luscombe and Williams (2002), it was demonstrated that the va cuum sleeping pad forestalls essentially greater development in the longitudinal and horizontal planes when exposed to a slow tilt.Perceived comfort levels are altogether better with the vacuum bedding that with the backboard. Chan, Goldburg and Mason (1996) assessed the utilization of the long spinal board and its relationship with pressure injury, unsuitable immobilization and situating, and the agony that it can cause (Chan, Goldburg and Tascone, 1994). An examination by Lovell and Evans (1994) showed that while a loss lives on a backboard it might potentially prompt weight wounds in the individuals who have continued injury to the spinal line. The measure of time losses stay on backboards can worsen the issues of agony and pressure.Ambulance excursions and holds up in mishap and crisis might be protracted and there might be significant distances engaged with getting to medical clinic (Lerner and Moscati, 2000). Notwithstanding pressure injury and poor immobilization, the backboa rd might be the reason for torment even in any case solid patients, prompting pointless examinations, radiographs and potential uncertainty with respect to the reason for torment (Chan, Goldburgh and Mason, 1996). The proof proposes that the backboard itself isn't perfect and a long way from a gold standard.This has prompted the recommendation that the backboard ought not be the favored surface for the exchange of patients with spinal wounds (Main and Lovell, 1996). As per Vickery (2001) in any case, the spinal board is viewed as the best quality level for spinal immobilization during the pre-emergency clinic period of injury the executives. For certain patients, viable spinal immobilization is helpful and can likewise be fundamental in forestalling the overwhelming impacts of line harm anyway it has been proposed that for some the extreme utilization of this precaution measure may not be judicious or necessary.It has been assessed that over half of injury patients with no protest o f neck or back torment were moved with full spinal immobilization (McHugh and Taylor 1998). Unseemly spinal immobilization may prompt patients encountering superfluous agony, skin ulceration, yearning and respiratory trade off, which thus may prompt further pointless systems, a more drawn out medical clinic stay which at that point brings about expanding expenses to the National Health Service (Kwan, Bunn and Roberts, 2001).Shooman and Rushambuza (2009) report that immobilization is a urgent piece of the administration of an injury persistent. They accept that if the system of injury is dubious, the patient ought to remain immobilized until further imaging regardless of whether there are no side effects of spinal precariousness after log rolling. Notwithstanding, in an ongoing report by Pandie, Shepherd and Lamont (2010) they reasoned that all alone, standard immobilization methods seem, by all accounts, to be insufficient to keep up the cervical spine in the unbiased position.One c ontention for keeping the patient on a spinal board is that it encourages a dire turn should heaving happen (Vickery 2001). Spinal immobilization is utilized all through the world anyway the clinical advantages of pre-emergency clinic spinal immobilization have been put under investigation. It has been contended that spinal line harm is done at the hour of effect and that ensuing development is commonly not adequate to bring about additional harm (Hauswald, Ong, Tandberg and Omar 1998).In difference, in-line adjustment of the neck, likewise named ‘neutral alignment’, is typically upgraded by utilizing immobilization squares and ties that fix the patient’s head and neck to a spinal board. In-line head and neck immobilization is significant during the exchange time frame to emergency clinic and stays a significant piece of the consideration of the patient (Sheerin, 2005). Steward and Bates (2001), can't help contradicting this and propose that cervical collars are of no extra advantage to patients previously immobilized utilizing a long spine board with straps.In an ongoing report it was discovered that numerous patients brought to An and E consequently had a cervical neckline applied ‘as a precaution’. This typically implies the casualty has been associated with a mishap that could conceivable reason a cervical physical issue, despite the fact that the patient gives no indications or manifestations of such a physical issue (Sexton, 1999). Immobilization in presumed spinal injury must be started at the location of a mishap and proceeded until unsteady spinal wounds are controlled out.Adequacy of spinal immobilization must be looked into during the essential review in the An and E division (Vickery, 2001). When the patient has arrived at An and E, the spinal board ought to be expelled at the earliest opportunity once the patient is horizontally moved from the emergency vehicle streetcar onto An and E or revival streetcar (Vickery, 2001). The early evacuation of spinal sheets and cervical collars is supported by spinal units (Sexton, 1999). Complexities related with delayed utilization of the spinal board incorporate weight ulcer improvement, torment and uneasiness (Vickery, 2001).Vickery (2001) likewise proposes a fractional arrangement would be suggested that the backboard ought to be expelled as quickly as time permits after appearance in the An and E division, in a perfect world after the essential overview and revival stages. Hickey (2003) concurs with this, it is crucial that following starting evaluation, the patient is expelled from the spinal board. Watchman and Allison (2003) bolster this by recommending that the patient ought to be then moved and breast fed on a crisis streetcar with head immobilization and lashes applied.This thusly ought to limit the danger of weight ulcer arrangement which is common in patients with spinal line injury (Sheerin and Gillick, 2004). Vickery (2001) likewise proposes that where a spinal physical issue is suspected, brief and safe evacuation of the spinal board is obligatory, these are patients that are at the most serious danger of creating pressure injuries. Vickery (2001) keeps on saying that spinal board immobilization on the board might be deficient closure with grievous consequences.Observational concentrates in the US have demonstrated that immobilization by unbending collars may cause aviation route challenges, expanded intracranial weight (Davies, Deakin and Wilson, 1996), expanded danger of yearning (Butman, 1996), and skin ulceration (Hewitt, 1994). Caroline (2008) additionally proposes that total spinal immobilization is excruciating, particularly over weight focuses and can likewise be a reason for aviation route tightening which thus makes an expanded danger of goal. It has been accounted for that numerous injury patients don't experience the ill effects of spinal flimsiness and won't advantage from spinal immobilization (Orledge, 1998).The estimation of routine pre-emergency clinic spinal immobilisations are flawed because of any advantages of immobilization being exceeded by the dangers (Kwan, Bunn and Roberts, 2009). Kwan, Bunn and Roberts (2009) have just demonstrated that unseemly immobilization is adding to the expanding spending plan of the NHS. Dimond (2001) concurs and asserts that case claims are expanding against the NHS. Society is getting less open minded toward botches or lacking help and suit claims are currently turning into an acknowledged piece of day by day life (Vukmir, 2004).In difference, an investigation in the USA has demonstrated that

Statement of work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Explanation of work - Essay Example The firm has a yearly financial plan of 4,000,000 dollars and utilizes a staff of around 50 representatives. Compensations, advantages, and lease establish about 80% of the $4 million dollar spending plan. Objective The goal is to do a money related yearly review of the Purchaser’s assets as per the guidelines and standards set by the legislature. Additionally, the Contractor will dissect and assess the interior control. All the essential fiscal reports must be reviewed by the Contractor that present the Purchaser’s incomes, costs, and equalization. All the monetary forms will be communicated in US Dollars including the announcements, plans and the cost rates. Extension The Contractor will flexibly all the work, assets, benefits that are important to play out the yearly review of the Purchaser. A review of the Purchaser’s fiscal reports ought to be performed by the Contractor as per the for the most part acknowledged guidelines and norms set somewhere near the le gislature for inspecting. For the above necessities to be met, the Contractor will utilize the direction gave by the President’s Council to help the inspecting. The Contractor must look at the budget summaries that incorporate the incomes got from programs that have been subsidized by the Purchaser’s organization. ... On the off chance that the money related frameworks require the use of any data frameworks, at that point the Contractor will get a comprehension of the working of the framework considering the inner control and do tests to ensure that the framework is working as planned. On account of non-operational controls, the Contractor will likewise give proof to help why any control isn't working as it should, and will give suggestions to improve the framework. The above norms will likewise be trailed by the Contractor while planning reports including a conclusion report, inner control report and reports examining the similarity with rules and guidelines. Prerequisites for Financial Audits The Audit Performance: A review of all the fiscal reports of the Purchaser’s organization will be performed by the Contractor as indicated by inspecting standards set somewhere near the legislature and dependent on the direction gave by the administration relating examining necessities. Similar norms will be followed while getting ready reports and different documentations. All the reports will be consolidated in one Performance Report that will be gotten by October fifteenth, 2013. Documentation: The yearly budgetary review documentation must include: an) A proper work plan including a calendar for finishing the review at each progression, the staff that have been doled out for the review, and a timetable of the site visits. b) An assessment of the dangers including general hazard, control chance, misrepresentation chance, etc. c) The arrangement of review methodology being followed d) The testing plans e) A notice summing up the ends came to on the discoveries Internal Control Requirements A comprehension of the interior controls will be obtained so as to design the review. A location hazard ought to be

Evaluate the benefits of self managed learning to the individual and organisation Essay

What do you comprehend by the standards of Diversity? I comprehend that standards of Diversity are our own principles that we make not to escape from accomplishing our objectives by any of the many existing parts of our life like culture, kinships, wellbeing or family unit issues. Anything that’s occurring in our lives is influencing us in a positive or negative manner. In light of this it’s significant that we set our standards to remain on target and spur ourselves. Accordingly we need to regard our principles and tail them in offer to make our objectives work out as expected and be fruitful. In my comprehension that’s what standards of Diversity mean and all of us set them in an unexpected way. How would you figure the rule can influence your objectives? Standards are frequently influencing our objectives, changing theâ time of achievementâ or totally changing the objective itself by changing the conditions of an actual existence. I might want to utilize an administration rules. On account of this country’s rules that gives us opportunity to concentrate by allowing individuals at any age with money related assist we with canning teach ourselves. Lamentably not all nations make the same number of chances and when I was eighteen years of age I couldn’t concentrate as it costs huge measure of cash that I can't bear the cost of and I wasn’t qualifies for any budgetary assistance. In this way I have decide to leave my nation of inception to seek after further instruction. This shows standards of my nation aren’t reasonable to assist me with accomplishing my objectives, which were to complete school and go to move school at this point, rather I just began school. That shows how my objectives changed convenient and some of them are unachievable because of conditions. In any case we should attempt the hardest to be fruitful and connect for the chances.

Important Points To Consider When Writing An Argumentative Research Essay

Important Points To Consider When Writing An Argumentative Research EssayThere are a number of good topics for an argumentative research essay. These topics can be anything from historical event to scientific discovery, they can be personal observations or something that you learned from a book, etc.The first thing you should do is think about what topics will suit your writing style and interests best. If you don't have a topic that you particularly like then it is possible that you will write a lot of topics that don't interest you. You need to get out of the habit of writing like a journalist and start writing as if you were an academic researching a subject.Your next step in determining good topics for an argumentative research essay is to look around at the types of topics that you know well. In this example, we'll go with something that is a topic that most people can relate to. This could be something like wars, famines, war crimes, peace and/or world peace, etc. Just to name a few.One thing to keep in mind when determining good topics for an argumentative research essay is that you must only include topics that pertain to your general research topic. If you choose to spend too much time on a specific research topic then you won't be able to fit all of the research in the essay. So make sure that you stick to the research topic, whatever it is, for the majority of the essay.For more ideas on good topics for an argumentative research essay, you may want to read other works by famous academics. There are a number of topics that are common knowledge to most people. You may find that one of them is a topic that most people agree upon. That would certainly be an ideal topic to include in your research for an argumentative essay.Don't forget to include some logical arguments in your essay as well. There are a lot of people who are really smart and who tend to argue against the argument that you're making. You should always make sure that you have a few logical arguments in your essay. If you don't then you might as well just sit down and read a book that's well written.Finally, when it comes to choosing good topics for an argumentative research essay, consider thinking about something that you are very passionate about. For example, think about something that you learned from a book. It is easy to write about things that you like, but you have to make sure that you have a good foundation before you can really give good examples.

Freud s Theory Of The Human Personality - 1180 Words

Freud’s theory of the human personality consisted of 3 parts, the Id, Ego, and Superego. The Id is the inner child. Freud’s Theory also separates the Id into two subcategories, Eros (the parent-loving libido) and Thanatos (the self-preservation instinct), also known as the life and death instincts, respectively. The Ego, or the â€Å"I†, is the self-awareness part of the brain. This part takes into account reality and tries to compromise between Id and the real world. The Superego, or the â€Å"above I† applies moral principles to the Ego’s solutions [McLeod, Id, Ego, Superego]. Many times this works, but sometimes these systems of judgment fail. This applies not only to people, but also to societies, as represented in The Crucible. The Id, as mentioned previously, is the need and want driven part of one’s psyche. The girls who were pretending to be ailed and bewitched are the Id of the society, acting primarily upon Thanatos, their will to live and preserve their own lives. The power of the Id, combined with the Ego, but lacking the Superego, can be a powerful force to recon with, especially in ones so young. This is evident in the part of the play when Mary is testifying in court against the girls. At first Mary is trying to persevere against them, â€Å"MARY: They‘re sporting...! GIRLS: (Cutting her off.) They‘re sporting! MARY: (Turning on them all, hysterically and stamping her feet.) Abby, stop it! GIRLS: (Stamping their feet.) Abby, stop it!† [Miller, 48] Eventually, her IdShow MoreRelatedPsychoanalytic Criticism Of Freud s Theory Of Human Personality Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesFreud’s psychological theories of the unconscious, the desires, and the defenses. The father of psychoanalysis began his work in the 1880’s, treating the chaos of hysteria first, listening to his patients talk through their problems. 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When it comes to psychological matters, a lot is unknown by the average person onwho the founders were of the subject, or where the great theories of modern-day psychology originated from. Born in 1856 andknown byhis shortened name ofSigmund Freud,he â€Å" distinguishedhimself asan intellectual giant†(Rana, 1997). As a well-known psychologistRead MorePsychological ( Freudian ) Theory Research Paper1442 Words   |  6 Pages Tabitha Notgrass Notgrass 1 Mrs. Almack AP English 1 October 2014 Psychological (Freudian) Theory Research Paper Sigmund Freud was a neurologist who became known as the father of psychoanalysis. Freud is known for his numerous theories, such as Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality (Freudian Theory). In Freudian theory, the mind is structured into two parts: the unconscious and the conscious. The unconscious mind consists of all things that are outside of our awareness such as

America During WWII Essay - 1616 Words

â€Å"Yesterday, December 7, 1941 -- a date which will live in infamy -- the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.†1 This quote by Franklin D. Roosevelt marks the address to congress concerning one of the most impacting events in the history of the United States: the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Twentieth century American history was filled with monumental events. From the assassination of William McKinley and subsequent presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, to Black Thursday in 1929, to the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965; numerous events throughout the last century helped mold the landscape of the United States for decades to†¦show more content†¦involvement in the war, that brought about economic recovery. Not to say, however, that the New Deal did not have any positive effects on the American economy. Moreover though, this recovery was a direct resu lt of the commitment of Roosevelt and his advisors to exercising the purse strings of the American treasury. In fact, by December 7, 1941, the federal government’s buildup to aid the Allies overseas was showing gains in the American economy. Yet, there can be little doubt that the full-boar spending accompanying America’s fight in the â€Å"Good War† was the primary explanation for why America finally escaped the wrath of the Great Depression. Since at least the early 30s, British economist John Maynard Keynes was urging democratic governments like his own and the United States to spend their way out of Depression. 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The Utility of Equity Theory-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Jane and Connie are neighbours who both work as purchasing managers in different companies in the petrochemical industry. During one neighbourly discussion, Jane learned that Connie's salary was nearly 15 per cent higher than hers even though their job duties were similar. Other than this difference, both received similar benefits and seemed to enjoy their jobs and colleagues. Jane was upset about Connie's higher salary, although she did her best to hide her emotions from Connie. After all, it wasn't Connie's fault that they received different salary levels. Jane was frustrated not only because Connie received a significantly higher salary, but also because she was certain that she worked longer hours and was more productive than Connie. According to equity theory research, what will Jane probably do to reduce her upset feelings? Answer: Equity theory is focuses on the fact that the persons are motivated by the concept of equality and in case they discover certain inequities in either the input or the yield ratios of themselves and their referent groups they are bound to adjust their input, to reach the professed amount of equity. The higher an individuals conecption of equity, the more motivated an individual will be. It is natural for a person to be de-motivated in case he or she finds that there is an existent unfair environment (Al-Zawahreh Al-Madi, 2012). The most common situations or scenarios where the equity theory approach is found is when employees compare the payments which they receive from their offices and what their friends receive from theirs. In case there are disparities in the salaries in the same post in different companies, there is bound to be a de-motivated feeling. In these situations the people compare their own effort-to-compensation ratio and lose their motivation in the procedure (Al-Zawahreh Al-Madi, 2012). In the given case study, which tells the story of two neighbours, Connie and Jane, despite working as professionals in the same genre, they received salaries which were quite different. Connie received 15% higher salary in comparison to Jane. Connie was frustrated and felt bad that despite being a much more efficient employee her salary was considerably less. It is desirable for employees to report the instances of favouritism and disparities in the compensation to their managers to avoid such problems from the start (Kwon Jang, 2012). References: Al-Zawahreh, A., Al-Madi, F. (2012). The utility of equity theory in enhancing organizational effectiveness.European journal of economics, finance and administrative sciences,46, 158-170. Kwon, S., Jang, S. S. (2012). Effects of compensation for service recovery: From the equity theory perspective.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(4), 1235-1243.

Antigone Creon Pride vs. Power free essay sample

According to Aristotle, the most important factor in a Greek tragedy is the plot. The plot must tell the actions of characters from beginning to end. Though, without the characters, the plot has nowhere to go. In Sophocles’ tragedy Antigone, each character has a distinct personality and strong beliefs. The heroine, Antigone, has some of the strongest beliefs of them all. Antigone is willing to sacrifice her own life and well being to honor her fallen brother, Polyneices. Polyneices was killed in battle by her other brother Eteocles. Antigone’s uncle and king of Thebes, Creon, wishes to honor only Eteocles’ body with a burial and wants Polyneices’ corpse to be â€Å"carrion for the birds and dogs to tear† (Lines 229-231). Antigone and Creon obviously clash in their principles throughout the story but both think that they have the correct moralities to teach to the people of Thebes. Creon believes that the people of Thebes should honor him and his power as King. We will write a custom essay sample on Antigone Creon: Pride vs. Power or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Antigone, alternatively, allows her morality to do the talking. She thinks that Polyneices should be given a proper burial as Eteocles was given. Their individual pride is what actually results in the downfall of each character. The two strong-willed personalities cannot exist in harmony. Antigone believes that one should honor the gods and do what is right, even if that comes at the expense of personal danger or undermining the sovereign of Thebes. Creon, on the other hand, believes the people of Thebes should honor political sovereignty and obey his decisions. The difference between the two characters’ morality directly affects the people of Thebes. The people of Thebes are torn between respecting Creon because he is their sovereign or respecting Antigone for following the wishes of the gods and respect the dead. This creates immediate conflict between the two characters. As the protagonist, Sophocles makes Antigone’s ideas more sensible so the reader can relate to the main character easier. In my opinion, most people would not agree with Creon’s decision and sway towards Antigone’s side in regards to what should be done with Polyneices body. In most literature, there is a main character. Good or bad, we tend to connect with the main character and his or her actions. As in present day, stories we see on the news depict the perspective of the main person related to the story. This is the same with Antigone. The more the reader understands and morally or spiritually connects to the main character and their individual morals, the more they can decide which side they wish to take. This is the dilemma the people of Thebes must face. Some believe that Antigone is correct in burying her brother’s body. Others fear the wrath of the king and respect his power. Although the ancient Greeks were heavy believers in glory and the repercussions of their actions, they still respect the king’s decisions and his power. Antigone, however, believes in doing what is right rather than what is law. She believes the gods would decide her fate in the afterlife anyway. The gods demand that the mortals worship them but they also believe that they should respect one another and everyone deserves glory. Dramatic events followed Antigone’s family through the generations. Oedipus, Antigone’s father, begged for exile upon learning he had unknowingly slept with his mother, Jocasta. Jocasta takes her own life and Oedipus gauges his eyes out and begs Creon for exile or death. Antigone did not want another one of her family members to suffer embarrassment. The account of her family’s trials and tribulations follows her family. She did not want another member of her family to be dishonored. The story of Antigone begins with the aftermath of a fatal battle between Antigone’s two brothers, Eteocles and Polyneices, where the two had fought to the death. The two brothers fought over the reign of Thebes but now, the two lay dead in the street. Creon orders Eteocles’ body to be buried and â€Å"crowned with a hero’s honors† (line 220). Polyneices, although he is Creon’s nephew, is passionately hated by Creon and thus, his remains are ordered to not be â€Å"dignified† (line 228) with a burial. Antigone is disgusted that Creon has put a claim on Polyneices body and begins contemplating burying her brother against Creon’s requests not to. She confronts her sister, Ismene, in order to ask for help. Ismene is quite apprehensive and Antigone pursues to take matters in to her own hands and bury Polyneices where his body lays even though Creon had put a death punishment on anyone who defied his wishes. She does this to show the people of Thebes and Creon that no one except a god can deem a human honorable or dishonorable. This is when the people of Thebes decide whether Antigone should have honored King Creon’s law or did the right thing by burying her brother and establishing glory in her family. This storyline provides insight to how each of the characters think and feel about the situations at hand. It gives every side of the story and gives the reader an option to create his or her own opinions on morality and the actions of the characters. Although Antigone’s actions appear more masculine than the actions of other females in Thebes, she represents a strong female character. This is very rare in Greek literature. She wants Polyneices to be given the same glory as Eteocles and believes it is not up to Creon to decide who is and who is not honorable. She makes her own decisions and sticks by those decisions with great confidence and poise. She knows that if she buries Polyneices, that Creon will put her to death. When Creon and Antigone verbally confront the issue of Polyneices’ illegal burial, Antigone states, â€Å"Of course I did it. It wasn’t Zeus, not in the least, who made this proclamation-not to me. † In stating this, she is blatantly defying Creon because she does not believe he has the right to put a claim on her brother’s body since he is not a god. Antigone is the fiancee of Creon’s son, Haemon, which escalates the decision of punishment of Antigone’s actions. Antigone’s yearn for honor and glory is shown in lines 85-86 as she states, â€Å"I will bury him myself. And even if I die in the act, that death will be a glory. † This quotation directly shows Antigone’s insatiable hunger for glory and doing what is morally right. She wants the people of Thebes to do what the gods deem morally acceptable instead of just succumbing to the beliefs of the king. Antigone wants to teach the people of Thebes that a king cannot decide honor and pride. It is to be decided by the gods and religious morals. Although Antigone’s actions of burying her brother’s body without regards to the law is honorable, her pride is her downfall as she is to be exiled in a cave to die. This is where some of the people of Thebes begin to question Creon’s decision and his motives for keeping Polyneices’ corpse unburied. King Creon views his decisions and opinions as comparable to those of the gods. He believes that his wishes are to be met by the people of Thebes as much as they would for the wishes of the gods. That mortals, such as himself, can make creeds of what is right or wrong. Creon orders that Eteocles be buried as a hero but he passionately expresses that Polyneices was an enemy of the city and to be â€Å"left unburied, his corpse carrion for the birds and dogs to tear, an obscenity for the citizens to behold! † (Lines 229-231) As the reader, this is most definitely one of the most gruesome and disgusting sentences I had ever read. It is repulsing to think about a body being left to the dogs like that. It is apparent that one human being can put claim on a dead corpse just so that he can make show his â€Å"power† to his city. The hatred possessed by Creon toward Polyneices is beyond rage but this proclamation is made to show the city of Thebes the power that he possesses and set a precedent of those who defy him. The Leader in Antigone represents the people of Thebes. After Creon addresses the city of his wishes to keep Polyneices unburied and the punishment to whomever defies him, the Leader seems to humor Creon a bit. The Leader states, â€Å"If this is your pleasure, Creon, treating our city’s enemy and our friend this way . . . â€Å". (line 236) The fact that the Leader uses the term â€Å"pleasure† begs the reader to question the sincerity of the Leader’s statement. Pleasure is more personal and cuts in to the personal enjoyment by Creon whereas, if the Leader had used the term â€Å"demand† or â€Å"law†, it would have had more a serious connotation. Quotations by the Leader are important because it represents the views of the people of Thebes as a whole. These are the people being subjected to the pride of Antigone and Creon. The Leader also foreshadows during the play. The Leader questions that the situation could â€Å"possibly be the work of the gods† (line 316). Creon responds, â€Å"You say – why it’s intolerable – say the gods could have the slightest concern for the corpse? † (line 319-320) This could be a hint that there could be interference by the gods in the future due to Creon’s actions. Not only do the Ancient Greeks believe that the gods have certain responsibilities in the lives of mortals but they are also responsible for the repercussions of actions. Foreshadowing within the piece of literature gives small hints along the way of how things are going to pan out. When Antigone disobeys Creon, he punishes her by not directly ordering her to be killed, but she is put in a remote cave to perish. Creon does not make this decision upon thinking about the consequences of his actions. When speaking to his son, Haemon, Creon states, â€Å"Spit her out, like a mortal enemy – let the girl go. Let her find a husband down among the dead. † (line 728-729) This cannot be a statement seen respectable by the gods. As part of another consequence for Creon’s actions, Thebes’s seer, Tiresias, visits Creon bringing a prophecy that since he was responsible for the death of Antigone and â€Å"keeping a dead body here in the bright air, unburied, unsung, unhallowed by the rites† (lines 1190-1191), that he must surrender one â€Å"born of his own loins† (line 1185). Shortly after this prophecy was delivered, Haemon, has taken his own life and due to that, his wife, Eurydice, had also died by her own hand. Creon is now a broken man due to his own pride. The two strong personalities of Antigone and Creon cannot coexist together in Thebes. Creon is the king and Antigone does not have the power that Creon possesses. She is unable to legally state her own decree as it will be seen as insubordinate and she will be punished. Unfortunately, the people of Thebes are afraid to disobey Creon. In modern days, different personalities can endure society. For instance, while reading Antigone, I could not help but compare the situation of Creon claiming Polyneices’ body with the 2011 capture of terrorist Osama Bin Laden. When Osama Bin Laden was captured and killed in his Pakistan hideaway on May 2, 2011,the United States of America quickly apprehended the body to make a political statement. As like Creon, the possession of Osama Bin Laden’s body gave Barack Obama the power to do what he wished with the body. Unlike Creon, Obama laid Osama Bin Laden to rest in the Arabian Sea. This establishment of power can also be shown in the death and execution of dictator Benito Mussolini. In April 1945, Mussolini and his mistress were executed and their bodies were dumped in an Italian piazza where enraged Italians took their turns spitting, kicking and shooting at the bodies. (Unknown,1) This was a political statement of power over a fallen dictator. In this case, the civilians were the ones who dishonored the body. In modern days, Antigone and Creon could exist but there would be the same struggle of values. Although these two characters evoke different religious and moral values, they are also quite similar in their desire to stand their ground for their own pride. Antigone and Creon both want glory and honor. Creon wants to be respected and quite possibly even feared by the people of Thebes so that he can rule over all and be the greatest king Thebes had ever seen. Conversely, Antigone just wants to do what is right by the gods and her family. She wants to give her brother the proper burial that everyone deserves. She does not believe Creon has the authority to claim a corpse for his own pleasure. Antigone and Creon are two characters whose values are pit against each other. Unfortunately, the pride both hold to their values causes their tragic demise. Although Antigone challenges the power of Creon, she is still the tragic heroine in the end.

foundation degree in events management Essay Example

foundation degree in events management Essay Example foundation degree in events management Essay foundation degree in events management Essay Contents Introduction Foundation degrees are a recognised HE qualification. The degree is made up of both academic and work based learning. The purpose of this report is to explain about the course, work placement and academic requirements. It will also explain why events are created and the purpose they serve in society. Findings The course The course consists of a number of core modules and may include optional modules. These are taken over two years which are based on a value of 1 5 credits, with one credit representing 10 hours of student study time (Warwickshire College, 2013). In ear one the modules are; Academic and professional development Developing professional practice Exploring customer service MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions) Principles of event management Event appraisal Principles of business Introduction to business operations and activities The modules for year two are as follows; Business accounting Human resource management Principles of marketing Professional competence Project management for events Evolving sectors in the event industry Work-based project This course specifically benefits my chosen career path as it involves important odules based on events management. For instance the project management for events module will be particularly helpful as it includes some key skills I am keen to learn and will give me an understanding theoretically and practically on managing events. As noted in the course handbook Project management is a discipline for organising and managing the resources to complete a project. The subject includes a project This is a subject area that is essential for an event manager and will involve investigation and application of the skills and knowledge acquired to both real and simulated projects. : The module will include the management of an event. (Warwickshire College, 2013, P. 5) All the modules are assessed by a variation of coursework such as: role play, written reports, presentation, debates, seminars, essays, leaflet production and written assignments. The assignments have been carefully designed to develop a wide range of skills and knowledge which can be transferred to a working environment Assessment is a crucial aspect of the learning process are was taken to ensure that both in-course and end of module assessments test the skills and knowledge needed in the working environment Formative assessment methods are diverse and include practical assessment of advanced techniques used in the workplace. (Warwickshire College, 2013, p. 36) For example, assignments which are delivered as presentations will help increase and develop skills such as: Presenting skills, communicating, engaging an audience and confidence. This is useful as presentations are often used in the workplace. The course requires independent learning to be successful. Study skills which will enhance independent learning abilities are: Self-management, you must organise and manage time working on your own, there are far less taught sessions than school r a further education course. Taking control, you are responsible for making choices, advice and guidance is available, but its up to you to find this out and to book appointments when necessary. Personal planning, you will benefit by taking control of your time and finding out what skills are necessary for employers. Knowing the essentials, knowing deadline dates, academic regulations, and assignment briefs is essential, read any College documentation thoroughly and keep in a safe place. Finding resources and support, you will be given a list of books to read which is vital for the course. However you are expected to further your knowledge by reading and researching additional sources. You are also expected to find out what support is available. Structuring your study, you are required to work with little guidance, a good assignment will be a result of independent study Keeping going, you must keep motivated and focused when working alone, most people use have the support of other people for this. (Stella Cottrell, 2013) Work placement Work placement is an important element for the foundation degree programme and involves 10 weeks placement spread across the two years. A large proportion of ssessments are designed to be completed through work placement. Warwickshire College, 2013) There are a number of things to make the most of a placement: Set some objectives, decide what you want to achieve and discuss expectations with the employer before you start. Make sure both you and the employer know what you want to gain out of the placement. Show what you are capable of doing, show enthusiasm and be reliable. Dont be afraid to ask questions. Show that you are proactive, ask to attend meetings. Make some suggestions although dont be critical of colleagues or your employer. Keep a diary or learning log, Record experiences and skills and attributes gained Build a network, Identify the colleagues whose work interests you, ask for advice. (Manchester Metropolitan University, 2013) Warwickshire college work in partnership with University of Gloucestershire (I-JOG) the foundation degree is validated by the I-JOG. The University overseas the quality and ensures a high standard of education and have set academic regulations of which Warwickshire College must abide by. The regulations set can affect the assessment scores if deadlines are not met or the required standard is not met. Each piece of coursework will have a submission date and criteria which must be met in order to pass. Late submission or failure to meet the required criteria without approved mitigating circumstances is penalised. For example if the work is less than seven days late the highest mark achievable is capped at 40%,if the work is more than seven days late the assessment is marked at and is failed. This can have a huge effect on the course both financially and academically because if you fail a module below 30% you must retake it, this will cost an extra E700. You are not allowed to rogress on to the second year with more than one restudy. Warwickshire College, 2013) In some circumstances external problems/issues may affect the performance in assessments and a student may feel they failed or underachieved because of the problem. The course manager or personal tutor must be notified as early as possible, ideally before the deadline date, or its likely to be too late. Examples of exceptiona l mitigating circumstances may be: Personal serious illness or accident Death or serious illness of a very close relative Serious family or personal problem Sudden deterioration of a chronic health condition Circumstances which are not likely to be considered are: A minor illness Death or serious illness ofa pet Normal family or work commitments Chronic or long standing illness Pressure of study arising from reassessment Computer difficulties (Warwickshire College, 2013) If it is agreed the circumstances surrounding the student have affected the assessment, the student will either have their results re-considered or have another opportunity to retake that piece of work. (Warwickshire College, 2013) Another requirement for all written assessments is the use of Havard referencing. This ystem is used to acknowledge the work of other writers or to enable other researchers trace the original source. It is allows the work to checked and verified and avoids plagiarism. (Warwickshire College, 2013) The use of the referencing shows research has been carried out giving credence to the subject being studied. For example, to achieve higher marks in assignments a range of sources will be used with correct citation and referencing Excellent use of sources with highly accurate and effective use of citation and referencing. (Warwickshire College, 2013, p. 4) That is one of the criteria to achieve a mark. To achieve the best mark possible it is important you use module guide and contextualised grading descriptor. The module guide will provide an essential reading lists, this will list the recommended books to read in order to complete an assignment to a satisfactory standard. More received for an assignment. Also in the module guide is a contextualised grading descriptor, this can be used to see what level of work is required to achieve a certain grade. For instance for this assignment to achieve a 55%-69% grade you must meet the following criteria: Evidence of some effective self-guided study Good understanding of using of using of sources with largely good understanding of citation and referencing Sources used are academically sound Sources used are academically sound with minimal use of the internet Content is reasonably thorough in its coverage of key areas of induction topics and possibly covering some related issues Good presentation that in the main follows the informal report structure with automated features (Warwickshire College, 2013, p4) Field of study Events have become a huge part of our lives, the public, governments and businesses are all involved. Each event is created for different reasons. Due to an increase of eisure time and discretionary spending have led to a rise in public events such as celebrations and entertainment. Governments support events for their economic development and nation building. Businesses use events for marketing and promotions. Increases in leisure time and discretionary spending have led to proliferation of public events, celebrations and entertainment. Governments now support and promote events as part of their strategies for economic development, nation building and destination marketing. Corporations and business embrace events as key elements in their marketing strategies and image promotion (Bowdin, 012, p. 3) Conclusion References Bowdin, G (2012) Events management 3rd edition. Oxford. Butterworth-Heinemann Cottrell, S (2012) Study Skills, (online), Available from algrave. com/ skills4study/studyskills/learning/independent. asp (accessed 20th September 2013) Manchester Metropolitan University, (2013) making the most of work experience, (online), Available from mmu. ac. uk/careers/students-and-graduates/ resources/guides/making-the-most-of-work-experience-and-placements. pdf (accessed 20th September 2013) Warwickshire College, (2013) Course Handbook

Discuss why and in what ways young people have been treated Essay - 1

Discuss why and in what ways young people have been treated differently in the criminal justice system - Essay Example Scholars have casted doubts on the effectiveness of the UK main criminal system in achieving positive results with the youths and children. The overall opinion is that the main criminal justice system is detrimental to the well-being of the youth going through it (Hill, Lockyer and Stone, 2007). Currently, criminal liability in the UK starts at the age of ten years (Davis, Croall and Tyer, 2010). Offenders between the age of ten and seventeen years are usually taken to Youth Courts for their cases to be heard and determined. However, if the offences committed are serious offences, for example armed robbery, murder and rape, then the perpetrators are prosecuted in Crown Courts regardless of their age provided they can assume criminal liability (Cavalino, Dignan and Mair, 2013). The UK National Audit Office advocates for all children and young people to be treated differently from how adults are treated. It advocates for the Youth Justice System since it manages to strike the unique balance between the interests of the young person and those of the community. It formulates measures that ensure early intervention, and taking proactive measures as opposed to reactive ones towards criminality (Duckley and Loader, 2012). It also institutes restorative justice measures as opposed to retributive ones used by the main criminal justice system, administers proper punishment and provides the necessary support to aid the youth and children in their rehabilitation process (Smith, 2013). This paper investigates why children and young offenders are treated differently in the UK criminal justice system and the ways in which these differences manifest themselves. To achieve this, the paper starts by listing the reasons why youth engage in crimes and develop an understanding of whether they should be accorded special treatment. The paper then discusses the models of

Safety issues Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Safety issues - Research Paper Example The safety issues need to be given the proper attention that shall pave the way for a better understanding of the society and the people at large so that they can interact on a one to one level and bring success for the society as a whole. The changing world scenario in the last decade or so has seen that terrorism has come out in the open. This has meant that the world order has come down badly. The uproar has been negative more than anything else and which has meant that the security and safety issues have come up for all the wrong reasons. This suggests the negativity of the society as a whole and its people in meticulous who are now more concerned than ever because they know that in order to spend a good life, they need to ensure that their near and dear ones are following the safety dictum – not to be present at the wrong place at the wrong time. What is even more distressing to know is the fact that the safety issues are being given more emphasis now than ever before. The people have started to enact ways and means through which their safety is going to be guaranteed. They are very serious about such nuances and want to ensure that their seriousness regarding this aspect is understood by the people around them and the ones who are in positions of authority. If this is done, it makes the entire society feel comfortable with one another, and gives the people the much needed mileage that they require in entirety. The safety issues are being understood properly by the people at large. This is because everyone wants to live in peace and harmony, and thus ensure that there is a great amount of security for the people who reside in varied parts of the world. But then again, the locals of a particular area do not want their lives to get disturbed through the agents that bring about unsafe avenues (Bladek, 2011). These safety issues are also being dictates by the government because it wants the people to live easily and without much fuss. If the

Managerial Accounting Essay Example for Free

Managerial Accounting Essay Accountants and auditors help to ensure that firms are run efficiently, public records kept accurately, and taxes paid properly and on time. They analyze and communicate financial information for various entities such as companies, individual clients, and Federal, State, and local governments. Beyond carrying out the fundamental tasks of the occupation— providing information to clients by preparing, analyzing, and verifying financial documents—many accountants also offer budget analysis, financial and investment planning, information technology consulting, and limited legal services. Managerial Accounting: Managerial accounting is concerned with providing information to managers that is, people inside an organization who direct and control its operation. Managerial accounting provides the essential data with which the organizations are actually run. Managerial accounting is also termed as management accounting or cost accounting. Standard costing is an important subtopic of cost accounting. Standard costs are usually associated with a manufacturing companys costs of direct material, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead. Rather than assigning the actual costs of direct material, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead to a product, many manufacturers assign the expected or standard cost. This means that a manufacturers inventories and cost of goods sold will begin with amounts reflecting the standard costs, not the actual costs, of a product. Manufacturers, of course, still have to pay the actual costs. As a result there are almost always differences between the actual costs and the standard costs, and those differences are known as variances. Standard costing and the related variances is a valuable management tool. If a variance arises, management becomes aware that manufacturing costs have differed from the standard (planned, expected) costs. * If actual costs are greater than standard costs the variance is unfavorable. An unfavorable variance tells management that if everything else stays constant the companys actual profit will be less than planned. * If actual costs are less than standard costs the variance is favorable. A favorable variance tells management that if everything else stays constant the actual profit will likely exceed the planned profit. Use in Business: Managers rely on cost accounting to provide an idea of the actual expenses of processes, departments, operations or product which is the foundation of their budget, allowing them to analyze fluctuation and the way funds are used socially for profit. It is used in management accounting, where managers justify the ability to cut expenses for a company in order to increase that company? s profit. As a tool for internal use, versus a tool for external users like financial accounting, cost accounting does not need to follow the GAAP standards (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) because its use is more pragmatic. It is a very important part of the management accounting process. In order for managers to determine the best methods to increase a companys profitability, as well as saving a company money in the future, cost accounting is a necessary system in the management of a companys budget, providing important data to analyze fluctuation in company production expense.

Essay --

After the Civil War conditions were bad for both Southern blacks and Southern whites. There were 4 million black men and women emerging from bondage. They began forming all black communities, freeing themselves from white control. But in 1865, Southern state legislatures began enacting sets of laws called Black Codes. These laws authorized local officials to apprehend unemployed blacks, fine them for vagrancy and hire them out to private employers to satisfy their fine. Some codes allowed blacks to only take jobs as plantation workers or servants. The South found a way to go back to slavery without breaking the new laws. In 1866, Congress passed the first Civil Rights Act, which declared blacks as citizens of the United States which allowed the federal government to intervene in state affairs when necessary to protect the rights of the citizens. Then in June of 1866, Congress approved the 14th Amendment which states that everyone born in the United States, and everyone naturalized was automatically a citizen and entitled to equal protection by both state and national government. Even though slavery was abolished and blacks were, at least by law, free and considered equal, they still did not have the same rights and opportunities as white people. In February of 1869, Congress passed the 15th Amendment. The Amendment attempts to ensure black voting rights by stipulating that voting rights cannot be denied on the basis of race, color, or previous servitude. But yet it did nothing to allow the Southern whites to prevent blacks from voting. Since blacks were not educated and did not own property or have the money to pay poll taxes it made it almost impossible for blacks to vote. There was a dramatic improvement in south... ...freedom was granted to the slaves, they were no longer property and therefore no longer worth anything to the former slave owners. In every which way the South tried to get back to the ways of slavery. Blacks also faced the dark problem of hate crimes and white supremacy. Blacks never actually gained their freedom for years to come. Freedom is the lack of restrictions, but blacks were still being told what they can and cannot do or where they can and cannot go. The law stated that blacks were allowed to vote but made it almost impossible for them to actually do so. The blacks were given land then had it taken away from them when the whites who abandoned that land came back to claim it. It was a struggle for a former slave to begin an actual life for them or their families. Blacks were not given the opportunities and the chance at the new life that they were promised. Essay -- After the Civil War conditions were bad for both Southern blacks and Southern whites. There were 4 million black men and women emerging from bondage. They began forming all black communities, freeing themselves from white control. But in 1865, Southern state legislatures began enacting sets of laws called Black Codes. These laws authorized local officials to apprehend unemployed blacks, fine them for vagrancy and hire them out to private employers to satisfy their fine. Some codes allowed blacks to only take jobs as plantation workers or servants. The South found a way to go back to slavery without breaking the new laws. In 1866, Congress passed the first Civil Rights Act, which declared blacks as citizens of the United States which allowed the federal government to intervene in state affairs when necessary to protect the rights of the citizens. Then in June of 1866, Congress approved the 14th Amendment which states that everyone born in the United States, and everyone naturalized was automatically a citizen and entitled to equal protection by both state and national government. Even though slavery was abolished and blacks were, at least by law, free and considered equal, they still did not have the same rights and opportunities as white people. In February of 1869, Congress passed the 15th Amendment. The Amendment attempts to ensure black voting rights by stipulating that voting rights cannot be denied on the basis of race, color, or previous servitude. But yet it did nothing to allow the Southern whites to prevent blacks from voting. Since blacks were not educated and did not own property or have the money to pay poll taxes it made it almost impossible for blacks to vote. There was a dramatic improvement in south... ...freedom was granted to the slaves, they were no longer property and therefore no longer worth anything to the former slave owners. In every which way the South tried to get back to the ways of slavery. Blacks also faced the dark problem of hate crimes and white supremacy. Blacks never actually gained their freedom for years to come. Freedom is the lack of restrictions, but blacks were still being told what they can and cannot do or where they can and cannot go. The law stated that blacks were allowed to vote but made it almost impossible for them to actually do so. The blacks were given land then had it taken away from them when the whites who abandoned that land came back to claim it. It was a struggle for a former slave to begin an actual life for them or their families. Blacks were not given the opportunities and the chance at the new life that they were promised.

Zara – SWOT Analysis

Topshop was setup in 1964 in the basement of a department store. It became part of Arcadia Group Ltd alongside shops like Miss Selfridge, Wallis, Dorothy Perkins and Outfit. Now, they have over 300 stores in the UK and ship to more than 100 countries worldwide. Oxford Circus in London is Topshop’s flagship store; they’ve also recently opened flagships in Chicago and New York.Topshop specialise in on-trend and high-fashion clothing. They sell Women’s, Baby, and Maternity. Topshop have collaborated with many designers and celebrities like Christopher Kane and Kate Moss to create fresh and unique looks. They are also the first ever high street brand in history to attend London Fashion Week.Communication is a way of passing on a message or transferring information. A business needs accurate and relevant information so they can make important decisions in order to remain competitive. There are two different types of communication; internal and external. Internal commu nication means communication within the company, for example a manager to all shop-floor staff. External communication is the company communicating with others outside of it, its customers.Topshop communicate internally and externally public in a variety of ways. One example of external communication would be Twitter. Twitter is a social networking site that has millions of users. Topshop use Twitter to interact with their customers; this may be to reveal new items, keep them up to date on events, or even handle customer complaints. By using Twitter, Topshop are keeping their customers up to date with important information as they know that most of their target market (16-34 years) use the website. Other social media Topshop use are Facebook, Instagram, Tumblr and Pinterest. Many departments that would use this way of communication would be Marketing, PR and IT.Email is a way of communicating both internally and externally. Internally, Topshop would use email to communicate between staff, for example Head Office emailing all staff to inform them of an upcoming event, a new range  etc. Topshop can email externally through newsletters. Newsletters (handled by IT or Marketing and PR) inform their customers of new clothing ranges, upcoming events, trend alerts, and sales. People can subscribe to these by putting their email address into the website. This way, Topshop can keep their customers up to date with important information.Another type of external communication that Topshop use is YouTube. YouTube has over 1 billion different users each month (in the UK), and Topshop use this to their advantage. They have their own channel which has over 35,000 subscribers. They upload videos daily of things such as ‘EDITED’ where a Topshop stylist will create outfits with the new collection. Or ‘5 Ways to Wear’, which showcases Topshop’s clothing. YouTube is a great way for Topshop to promote their products and also communicate with their customers. The commenting system on YouTube allows Topshop’s customers to comment on what they like and dislike, or even recommend what they’d like to see next. The IT, Marketing and PR departments would have a strong presence in this type of communication. Styling and Personal Shopping (aka customer service) would have an input too.

Merit-Based Utopia Essay - 1113 Words

People are the building blocks of a society. The society is perfect only if each individual achieves happiness through his/her own satisfaction from achievements. In order for that to happen, the society should be merit-based. A place where people have an incentive to work for themselves without harming others will ensure a safe, respectful, and successful community. Unlike our society in the twentieth century, people are actually encouraged to strive for success and get rewarded according to the level of accomplishment in this utopia. The main idea of a merit-based society is a person receives what he works for. The most hardworking people are the wealthiest, most respected, and most loved. At the same time, these people are very happy†¦show more content†¦Incentive is an invisible but effective force that causes people to act a certain way, according to the ten principles of economics. (Mankiw, 7) Firstly, the role of government is very different in a merit-based society compared to the American government. In a merit-based society, the government is only responsible for enforcing a law that forbidden a person from doing harm to others, arresting those who break this law and sending them to jail. This idea is similar to Ayn Rand’s objectivism, in which she says, â€Å"Punishment is the only proper function is government.† (Ayn Rand First Interview 1959 (Full)) If punishment exists, people will refrain from causing harm to others because of the idea that people avoid punishment called second ary negative reinforcement proved by a psychological experiment. (Logan) The government also differs from the American government in its treatment of welfare. In the merit-based society, there is no welfare. The government does not tax nor lend help to anyone because welfare discourages people from fully using their potentials. If welfare is available to the non-wealthy, people tend to become one of them by not working and being fed by the government. Taxes are also eliminated because some people restrict their income to a certain degree by processes called tax avoidance and tax evasion because they want to pay less tax to the American government. (Mankiw, 244) A merit-based society provides noShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Aphra Behn s Seventeenth Century Travel Narrative, Oroonoko, And Utopia1289 Words   |  6 Pagessixteenth-century Utopia displays his subtle criticism of English society behind the words of his character Raphael Hythloday, who travels the world and explores the rationality of Utopia. These authors criticize many of the conventions o f their time periods through their characters’ explorations into new ideas and territories. In Oroonoko and Utopia, nature and reason lead the natives’ governments and societies instead of the corruption of the wealthy and noble Europeans. 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